Lake Arpi is located on the border between Turkey and Georgia, in one of Armenia's coldest regions: the Ashotsk Plateau. The neighbouring settlement of Paghakn recorded the lowest temperature in the Armenian SSR: -46°The Arpi River originates from Lake Arpi, and after being artificially enlarged, it has become the second-largest water reservoir in Armenia, after Lake Sevan.
Until 1950, Lake Arpi was a natural lake, but during the Soviet era it was converted into a reservoir and artificially enlarged for the purpose of storing water and for irrigation. In winter, the upper layer of the lake freezes completely.
In 2009, the Arpi Lake National Park was established to protect the area's natural environment. More than 140 species of birds have been recorded here, and the area is considered one of the most interesting places in Armenia for birdwatching. Adjacent to Lake Arpi is the world's largest colony of Armenian vultures, and for the cinereous vulture, this is the only breeding site in Armenia. The national park is also home to black storks, cranes and other rare and endangered birds.
The national park is also rich in flora, with over 670 plant species growing here, some of which are endemic and included in the Red Data Book. The area around Lake Arpi is not only interesting for birdwatching, but also for hiking, photography, and enjoying the peaceful atmosphere of nature. The high-altitude lake, open spaces and rich wildlife make Arpi one of Shirak's most diverse destinations.
